巴黎翠凤蝶、红基美凤蝶生物学特性初步观察

巴黎翠凤蝶在甘肃白水江自然保护区1年2代，以蛹越冬，翌年3月下旬越冬蛹开始羽化，4月下旬至5月初为第1代成虫羽化高峰期，第2代成虫羽化高峰期在6月底7月初；寄主为芸香科的飞龙掌血、柑橘类等植物；成虫喜访白色系的花，也好在臭水沟处群聚嬉戏，一般在常绿林带的高处活动，飞行迅速，警觉性高而且很少停息，难以捕捉。红基美凤蝶在白水江自然保护区1年2代，以蛹越冬，翌年4月初越冬蛹开始羽化，4月下旬为第1代成虫羽化高峰期，6月底7月上旬为第2代成虫羽化高峰期；7月下旬成虫数量减少，但直至9月仍可见到成虫；7月上旬产卵高峰期，9月初为化蛹高峰期；直到10月上中旬还可见幼虫；幼虫5龄，历期25～35d；寄主为柑桔等芸香科植物。     

松树枯梢病发生的立地条件及其主要诱因分析

对福建、江西等地227块松树枯梢病的林分病情标准地进行调查.结果表明:病害的发生与林分及立地因子关系密切.由上杭、连城、永新和安福4县有代表性的49块样地推导出了松树枯梢病的病情指数与林龄、造林密度、郁闭度、土壤质地、土壤湿度、坡位、坡向的生态数学模型:y=41.38-16.56x11 5.08x21 18.62x31-3.78x41 19.94x51 7.32x61 4.27x62-4.06x71-10.56x72-13.88x73,其偏相关系数分别为0.606 9、0.612 5、0.268 9、0.1789、0.681 1、0.279 0、0.473 7.该模型模内判别准确率为79.59%,其中病情指数与土壤湿度、郁闭度、林龄和坡位间关系紧密,在0.01水平上显著,它们是松树枯梢病在我国南方发生的主要诱导因子.提出以营林措施为主的生态控制技术.     

Simultaneous determination of Cu(II), Zn(II), Fe(II), Mn(II), Co(II) and Ni(II) with a single sweep polarography

A new method of simultaneous determining Cu(II), Zn(II), Fe(II), Mn(II), Co(II) and Ni(II) with a single sweep polarography was developed. The experiment condition was studied and the results show that the optimum base solution is that the residue got from evaporating 25 mL mixed solution, 2.5 mL 1.0 mol/L ethylenediamine, 3.0 mL 1.0 mol/L ammonia-ammonium chloride, 5.0 mL 10 % sodium sulfite and 0.5 mL 0.5 % gelatin were mixed and diluted to 25 mL with water. Under the condition of this base solution, the polarography wave shapes of the six cations are ideal and without overlap of the peaks. In this base solution, Cu(II), Zn(II), Fe(II), Mn(II), Co(II) and Ni(II) in synthetic samples were determined with relative errors 0.4–9.4% and relative standard deviations 0.8%-12.2%. Under this experiment condition, one fold of Pb(II), Cr(VI) and Mo(VI) do not interfere with the determination for Cu(II). This method has been used to the simultaneous determination of the amount of the six cations in the samples of soil and Beiqi Tea. The relative standard deviations were 0. l%-2.1% and recoveries were 93.5%-99.0 %.     

蔷薇斜条卷叶蛾幼虫的形态和分子鉴定

上海出入境检验检疫局在来自美国的樱桃中截获卷蛾科幼虫,选用引物mt6/mt9对其线粒体DNA的COI部分序列进行PCR扩增和测序后,与Genbank及BOLDSYSTEMS v2.5中已知序列比对,并对截获幼虫进行形态描述,与前人描述进行核实比较,综合分子生物学证据和幼虫形态特征最终确定为蔷薇斜条卷叶蛾。     

国兰花期调控机制研究进展

国兰花期调控技术是国兰实现产业化的关键技术之一。文章从国兰花芽分化的生殖生理基础及花芽分化后国兰发育开花的环境条件方面论述国兰花期调控机制研究的进展,总结国兰花期调控的具体措施。     

Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganesis: Tracking strains using their genetic differentiations by ISSR markers in Southern Turkey

There is no available data published related to the dissemination of bacterial canker caused by Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis (Cmm) and its genetic diversity in Turkey. It is important to control new introduced inoculum sources by commercial seeds and seedlings. Pathogens were identified by morphological features and the identity was confirmed by PCR amplification using a specific primer PSA-4, PSA-R in addition to microbiological tests. ISSR markers showing high polymorphism ratios were selected and used to characterize Cmm strains. The collected strains were classified into different groups on the basis of ISSR-PCR fingerprints, which showed remarkable genetic specificity and diversity not previously identified in Cmm, suggesting that genetic differences are related to dissemination of the pathogen in the region. This is the first ever study carried out on the characterization of Cmm using ISSR. The selected ISSR primers to characterize Cmm can be used to determine genetic differences in further studies.     

沙漠水渠人工固沙区沙篙和沙拐枣灌丛的土壤水分特征对比

在古尔班通古特沙漠引水渠沿线建植5a的人工固沙区内,选择自然生长的沙蒿和沙拐枣灌丛,依据冠幅大小设置5个水平距离梯度和4个土层深度梯度.对比研究了二者的土壤水分特征.结果表明,随土层深度的增加,两种灌丛土壤含水量均呈增加趋.,中下部2层(20～40 cm和40～60 cm)土壤含水量显著(P<0.05)高于上部2层(0...     

二化螟盘绒茧蜂寄生对寄主二化螟幼虫免疫反应的影响

为了探明二化螟盘绒茧蜂Cotesia chilonis (Matsumura)寄生对寄主二化螟Chilo suppressalis (Walker)幼虫血细胞和体液免疫反应的影响,观察并测定了二化螟盘绒茧蜂寄生引起二化螟幼虫血细胞数量、延展、存活、吞噬和包囊作用以及血淋巴酚氧化酶活性等的变化。结果显示,二化螟幼虫血细胞总数在寄生后1天即显著高于对照。其中,颗粒血细胞和浆血细胞在寄生后的数量变化均与血细胞总数变化相似,颗粒血细胞在寄生后3天、浆血细胞在寄生后0.5天起即分别与其对照差异显著,但两种血细胞在血细胞总数中各自所占的比例与对照多无显著差异。二化螟幼虫血细胞延展能力在寄生后0.5天受到显著抑制,此后与对照无显著差异;同时寄生可增加寄主血细胞的死亡率。寄主幼虫血细胞的吞噬作用在寄生后2天起显著降低;包囊作用则在寄生后1天起显著降低。二化螟幼虫被二化螟盘绒茧蜂寄生后,血淋巴酚氧化酶活性显著升高,但随后呈逐渐下降趋势。研究结果说明,二化螟盘绒茧蜂寄生使寄主二化螟幼虫的免疫反应呈现一定的规律变化。     

茶饮料中7种农药残留检测能力验证分析

为保证农药登记残留试验水平,农业部农药检定所2010年组织了78个实验室参加了茶饮料中莠去津、吡虫啉、哒螨灵、腐霉利、乐果、高效氯氰菊酯和咪鲜胺7种农药残留检测能力验证试验。统计分析结果表明,7种农药全部合格的单位有41个（52.6%）,6种农药合格的有14个（17.9%）,5种农药合格的有11个（14.1%）,4种农药合格的有3个（3.8%）,3种农药合格的有4个（5.1%）,2种农药合格的有2个（2.6%）,只有1种农药合格的有1个（1.3%）,7种农药均不合格的有3个（3.8%）。     

芳氧苯氧基丙酸酯类除草剂的应用进展

芳氧苯氧基丙酸酯（简称APP）类除草剂是近二十年发展起来的活性很好的新型除草剂,用于防除一年或多年生禾本科杂草。本文主要综述了APP的发展历史、作用机理、主要品种以及应用研究进展。